Movement Interventions for Autism: What Does the Research Say?
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder often face challenges beyond the hallmark social and communication difficulties, including gross and fine motor impairments. Recent research highlights the critical role of movement interventions for autism in addressing these challenges. For pediatric occupational and physical therapists, understanding and implementing these interventions can make a significant difference in supporting children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
What Does the Research Say About Movement Interventions and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
A pilot randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of three types of interventions on motor performance in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: creative movement, general movement, and sedentary play. The study found that:
- Whole-body movement activities, including creative movement and general movement, led to significant improvements in gross motor skills such as coordination, strength, agility, locomotor skills, and walking endurance.
- Creative movement interventions, such as music, dance, and yoga, resulted in enhanced praxis skills, or the ability to plan and execute movements.
- Sedentary play interventions, which focused on fine motor skills through activities like building and crafting, improved fine motor performance.
These findings emphasize the importance of integrating gross motor training into care plans for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, as gross motor difficulties can hinder social engagement and overall development.
Exercise Posters for Kids – Printed
Examples of Movement Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
1. Creative Movement Activities
Creative movement interventions combine physical activity with elements of rhythm, music, and social interaction. Examples include:
- Yoga: Promotes flexibility, balance, and body awareness.
- Dance: Encourages imitation and synchrony with peers.
- Rhythmic Activities: Incorporates clapping or marching to music to foster coordination and interpersonal synchrony.
2. General Movement Activities
General movement interventions focus on physical activities and games that improve gross motor skills. Examples include:
- Obstacle Courses: Develops agility and coordination.
- Ball Games: Enhances locomotor skills and functional strength.
- Relay Races: Encourages endurance and teamwork.
3. Sedentary Play Activities
While sedentary play interventions focus on fine motor development, they can complement gross motor interventions. Examples include:
- Art and Craft Projects: Improves dexterity and precision.
- Building Activities: Strengthens hand-eye coordination.
Why Gross Motor Training Matters
Despite the prevalence of motor difficulties in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, gross motor skills often receive less attention in intervention plans. This oversight can limit a child’s ability to engage socially and participate in daily activities. By incorporating movement-based therapies like creative movement and general movement, therapists can address both the physical and social challenges faced by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
10 Minute Yoga for Kids in the Classroom
More Resources
Looking to dive deeper into supporting children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? By incorporating evidence-based movement interventions, pediatric therapists can empower children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to overcome motor challenges and thrive in their daily lives. Check out these helpful articles:
- Autism and Sensory Processing Disorder
- Autism and Walking
- Autism Teaching Strategies
- Motor Skills in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Motor Skills and Autism
Reference
Su, W. C., Srinivasan, S., & Bhat, A. N. (2025). Effects of creative movement, general movement, or seated play interventions on motor performance in children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 119, 102501.
